Unit 7: Equilibrium.

7.1 Introduction to Equilibrium.

Describe characteristics of equilibrium, both macroscopically and at the particle level.

Identify the point at which equilibrium has been reached on a graph of amount or rate vs. time.

7.2 Direction of Reversible Reactions.

Determine if the forward rate or reverse rate is faster (or if they are the same) based on the direction of a reaction.

7.3 Reaction Quotient and Equilibrium Constant.

Write a K or Q expression for a reversible reaction.

7.4 Calculating the Equilibrium Constant.

Calculate the value of K given equilibrium conditions (in concentration or pressure).

7.5 Magnitude of the Equilibrium Constant.

Recognize systems that essentially go to completion or barely proceed at all by examining the magnitude of K values.

7.6 Properties of the Equilibrium Constant.

Manipulate the value of K to correspond to a manipulation of the reaction it represents.

7.7 Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations.

Use ICE tables and comparisons of Q vs K to determine equilibrium concentrations/pressures.

7.8 Representations of Equilibrium.

Draw or complete a particle diagram to represent the relative numbers at equilibrium, or evaluate a diagram to calculate the value of K for a represented system.

7.9 Introduction to Le Châtelier’s Principle.

Use Le Châtelier’s Principle to determine the shift in a system in response to a stress.

Describe the change in physical properties after a system responds to stress (color, temperature, etc.).

7.10 Reaction Quotient and Le Châtelier’s Principle.

Evaluate Q vs K to determine the direction in which a reaction will proceed to reestablish equilibrium.

Determine if a stress will change the value of Q or K.

7.11 Introduction to Solubility.

Write the Ksp expression for the dissolution of a salt.

Calculate the solubility of a salt from the Ksp value.

Determine if a salt is considered soluble by examining its Ksp value.

7.12 Common-Ion Effect.

Evaluate a system to determine if a common ion will impact the solubility of a salt.

Use Le Châtelier’s principle to discuss this impact qualitatively.

Use Ksp expressions to calculate this impact quantitatively.